Category Science & Ingredients

Mechanism Overview: Tocotrienols vs Tocopherols for Hair Vitamin E is not a single compound but a family of eight lipid-soluble…

Mechanism Overview: The Bulge as a Specialized Stem Cell Compartment The hair follicle bulge is not simply a location where…

Mechanism Overview: Vitamin C Beyond Immunity Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin best known for its role in…

Mechanism Overview: Retinoids as Follicle Signaling Modulators Retinoids are a class of compounds derived from vitamin A (retinol) that include…

Mechanism Overview: IGF-1 as a Central Follicle Growth Factor Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a 70-amino acid polypeptide hormone…

Mechanism Overview: Hyaluronic Acid as a Follicle Microenvironment Modulator Hyaluronic acid (HA, also called hyaluronan) is a glycosaminoglycan—a long, unbranched…

Mechanism Overview: The Follicle’s Internal Clock Circadian rhythms are approximately 24-hour cycles of biological activity regulated by a molecular clock…

Mechanism Overview: Copper at the Intersection of Structure and Color Copper is an essential trace element that serves as a…

Mechanism Overview: The Follicle’s Internal Cleanup System Autophagy (from the Greek “self-eating”) is a cellular process by which damaged organelles,…

Mechanism Overview: Concentrating the Body’s Growth Factors Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous preparation of concentrated platelets in a small…

Mechanism Overview: Building Blocks of Hair Hair is approximately 95% keratin protein, and keratin is composed of amino acids linked…

Mechanism Overview: Melatonin as a Follicle Hormone Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is best known as the “sleep hormone” produced by the pineal…